Tribology and Materials | Volume 4 | Issue 4 | 2025 | 177-191
|
https://doi.org/10.46793/tribomat.2025.017
|
|
Influence of the graphene nanoplatelets addition to corn oil on surface quality and machining performance
Pungky Eka Setyawan
1,2,
Anindito Purnowidodo
1,
Achmad As'ad Sonief1,
Yudy Surya Irawan1
1 Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
2 Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Merdeka Malang, Malang, Indonesia
Abstract: Cooling using cutting fluid in the CNC machining process of AISI 1045 steel is crucial for producing products with good surface quality. However, the long-term use of cutting fluid can have negative impacts on both the environment and human health. This study aims to analyse the characterisation and machining performance of a corn oil-based cutting fluid containing graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) using the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) method. It demonstrates the potential of corn oil-based cutting fluids containing GNPs to enhance surface quality (surface roughness) and machining performance (tool morphology and chip morphology). Machining was performed at a cutting speed of 110 m/min, a depth of 1.5 mm and a feed rate of 0.12 mm/rpm. MQL was applied with a spray angle of 45°, distance of 20 mm, pressure of 4 bar and nozzle diameter of 2 mm. Several conditions were used in the study, including dry, MQL with corn oil, and MQL with corn oil and added GNPs (0.10 – 0.30 wt. %). The results showed that the cutting fluid reduced surface roughness by 74 % compared to dry cutting conditions. The tool morphology showed a thin graphene layer, which can reduce friction and minimise built-up edge. This condition was also supported by examination of chip morphology, where a GNPs percentage of 0.25 wt. % produced C-shape chips, indicating high deformation.
Keywords: AISI 1045, corn oil, graphene nanoplatelets, surface roughness, worn surface morphology.
Received: 08-08-2025, Revised: 28-09-2025, Accepted: 08-10-2025
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which allows users to distribute, remix, adapt,
and build upon the material in any medium or format for non-commercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.
2 Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Merdeka Malang, Malang, Indonesia
Abstract: Cooling using cutting fluid in the CNC machining process of AISI 1045 steel is crucial for producing products with good surface quality. However, the long-term use of cutting fluid can have negative impacts on both the environment and human health. This study aims to analyse the characterisation and machining performance of a corn oil-based cutting fluid containing graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) using the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) method. It demonstrates the potential of corn oil-based cutting fluids containing GNPs to enhance surface quality (surface roughness) and machining performance (tool morphology and chip morphology). Machining was performed at a cutting speed of 110 m/min, a depth of 1.5 mm and a feed rate of 0.12 mm/rpm. MQL was applied with a spray angle of 45°, distance of 20 mm, pressure of 4 bar and nozzle diameter of 2 mm. Several conditions were used in the study, including dry, MQL with corn oil, and MQL with corn oil and added GNPs (0.10 – 0.30 wt. %). The results showed that the cutting fluid reduced surface roughness by 74 % compared to dry cutting conditions. The tool morphology showed a thin graphene layer, which can reduce friction and minimise built-up edge. This condition was also supported by examination of chip morphology, where a GNPs percentage of 0.25 wt. % produced C-shape chips, indicating high deformation.
Keywords: AISI 1045, corn oil, graphene nanoplatelets, surface roughness, worn surface morphology.
Received: 08-08-2025, Revised: 28-09-2025, Accepted: 08-10-2025
|
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which allows users to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for non-commercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.